You could use the file.OpenBinaryStream() to read/write files stored in SharePoint, below is my demo code for your reference:
Microsoft.SharePoint.Client.File file = context.Web.GetFileByUrl("https://tenant.sharepoint.com/sites/michael/Shared%20Documents/aa.txt");
context.Load(file);
context.ExecuteQuery();
Microsoft.SharePoint.Client.ClientResult<Stream> mstream = file.OpenBinaryStream();
context.ExecuteQuery();
using (System.IO.StreamReader sr = new System.IO.StreamReader(mstream.Value))
{
String line = sr.ReadToEnd();
Console.WriteLine(line);
}