Actually you can use wildcard to see which domains senders are using . ( Sending domains are the ones you care about for this)
*@yourdomain.com
You can do one at a time though.
so in the gui:
https://admin.exchange.microsoft.com/#/messagetrace
or with Exo Powershell:
Get-MessageTrace -StartDate 1/19/2022 -SenderAddress *@yourdomain -EndDate 01/20/2022
Note you can only search 10 days back using this command.
If you want longer with powershell:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/exchange/get-historicalsearch?view=exchange-ps
The Poral GUI may be the easiest solution :)