Hi anonymous userSharma-8512,
There is no MS document about how to downgrade of SQL Server edition. And there is no direct method to do that, you have to uninstall SQL server enterprise and install SQL server standard. You need to backup user and system databases, install a SQL Server standard instance then restore databases to it.
In addition, before you downgrade, runs this query in all your databases:
SELECT *FROM sys.dm_db_persisted_sku_features
If above query returns no results that means you are not using any feature which is edition specific. If it returns any rows, this means that this database has some enterprise only features.
In addition, as others mentioned, Extended support for SQL Server 2012 will end on Jul 12, 2022, suggest you upgrade your SQL server to newer version. Such as SQL server 2019.
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