Ukázka Windows PowerShell01
Tento příklad ukazuje, jak použít objekt System. Management. Automation. prostředí runspace. Initialsessionstate k omezení funkčnosti prostředí runspace. Výstup této ukázky ukazuje, jak omezit jazykový režim prostředí runspace, jak označit rutinu jako soukromou, jak přidat a odebrat rutiny a zprostředkovatele, jak přidat proxy příkaz a další. Tato ukázka se zaměřuje na programové omezení prostředí runspace. Alternativy skriptování k omezení prostředí runspace zahrnují příkazy $ExecutionContext. SessionState. LanguageMode a PSSessionConfiguration.
Požadavky
tato ukázka vyžaduje Windows PowerShell 2,0.
Demonstruje
Tato ukázka demonstruje následující:
Omezení jazyka nastavením vlastnosti System. Management. Automation. prostředí runspace. Initialsessionstate. Languagemode .
Přidávají se aliasy do počátečního stavu relace pomocí System. Management. Automation. prostředí runspace. Sessionstatealiasentry? DisplayProperty = FullName – objekt.
Označení příkazů jako soukromých.
Odebírání zprostředkovatelů z počátečního stavu relace pomocí vlastnosti System. Management. Automation. prostředí runspace. Initialsessionstate. Providers .
Odebrání příkazů z počátečního stavu relace pomocí vlastnosti System. Management. Automation. prostředí runspace. Initialsessionstate. Commands .
Přidávání příkazů a zprostředkovatelů do objektu System. Management. Automation. prostředí runspace. Initialsessionstate
Příklad
Tato ukázka ukazuje několik způsobů, jak omezit funkčnost prostředí runspace.
namespace Sample
{
using System;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.Management.Automation;
using System.Management.Automation.Runspaces;
/// <summary>
/// This class contains the Main entry point for the application.
/// </summary>
internal class PowerShell01
{
/// <summary>
/// The runspace used to run commands.
/// </summary>
private Runspace runspace;
/// <summary>
/// Return the first index of the entry in <paramref name="entries"/>
/// with the name <paramref name="name"/>. Return -1 if it is not found.
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">Type of ConstrainedSessionStateEntry</typeparam>
/// <param name="entries">Collection of entries to search for <paramref name="name"/> in.</param>
/// <param name="name">Named of the entry we are looking for</param>
/// <returns>
/// The first index of the entry in <paramref name="entries"/> with the
/// name <paramref name="name"/>, or return -1 if it is not found.
/// </returns>
private static int GetIndexOfEntry<T>(
InitialSessionStateEntryCollection<T> entries,
string name) where T : ConstrainedSessionStateEntry
{
int foundIndex = 0;
foreach (T entry in entries)
{
if (entry.Name.Equals(name, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
{
return foundIndex;
}
foundIndex++;
}
return -1;
}
/// <summary>
/// Run commands to demonstrate the ways to constrain the runspace.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="args">This parameter is unused.</param>
private static void Main(string[] args)
{
new PowerShell01().RunCommands();
}
/// <summary>
/// Run a script to display the results and errors.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="script">Script to be run.</param>
/// <param name="scriptComment">Comment to be printed about
/// the script.</param>
private void RunScript(string script, string scriptComment)
{
Console.WriteLine("Running '{0}'\n{1}.\n\nPowerShell Output:", script, scriptComment);
// Using a PowerShell object, create a pipeline, add the script to the
// pipeline, and specify the runspace where the pipeline is invoked.
PowerShell powerShellCommand = PowerShell.Create();
powerShellCommand.AddScript(script);
powerShellCommand.Runspace = this.runspace;
try
{
Collection<PSObject> results = powerShellCommand.Invoke();
// Display the results.
foreach (PSObject result in results)
{
Console.WriteLine(result);
}
// Display any non-terminating errors.
foreach (ErrorRecord error in powerShellCommand.Streams.Error)
{
Console.WriteLine("PowerShell Error: {0}", error);
}
}
catch (RuntimeException ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("PowerShell Error: {0}", ex.Message);
Console.WriteLine();
}
Console.WriteLine("\n-----------------------------\n");
}
/// <summary>
/// Run some commands to demonstrate the script capabilities.
/// </summary>
private void RunCommands()
{
this.runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(InitialSessionState.CreateDefault());
this.runspace.Open();
this.RunScript("$a=0;$a", "Assigning to a variable will work for a default InitialSessionState");
this.runspace.Close();
this.runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(InitialSessionState.CreateDefault());
this.runspace.InitialSessionState.LanguageMode = PSLanguageMode.RestrictedLanguage;
this.runspace.Open();
this.RunScript("$a=0;$a", "Assigning to a variable will not work in RestrictedLanguage LanguageMode");
this.runspace.Close();
this.runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(InitialSessionState.CreateDefault());
this.runspace.InitialSessionState.LanguageMode = PSLanguageMode.NoLanguage;
this.runspace.Open();
this.RunScript("10/2", "A script will not work in NoLanguage LanguageMode.");
this.runspace.Close();
this.runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(InitialSessionState.CreateDefault());
this.runspace.Open();
string scriptComment = "get-childitem with a default InitialSessionState will work since the standard \n" +
"PowerShell cmdlets are included in the default InitialSessionState";
this.RunScript("get-childitem", scriptComment);
this.runspace.Close();
InitialSessionState defaultSessionState = InitialSessionState.CreateDefault();
defaultSessionState.Commands.Add(new SessionStateAliasEntry("dir2", "get-childitem"));
this.runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(defaultSessionState);
this.runspace.Open();
this.RunScript("dir2", "An alias, like dir2, can be added to InitialSessionState");
this.runspace.Close();
defaultSessionState = InitialSessionState.CreateDefault();
int commandIndex = GetIndexOfEntry(defaultSessionState.Commands, "get-childitem");
defaultSessionState.Commands.RemoveItem(commandIndex);
this.runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(defaultSessionState);
this.runspace.Open();
scriptComment = "get-childitem was removed from the list of commands so it\nwill no longer be found";
this.RunScript("get-childitem", scriptComment);
this.runspace.Close();
defaultSessionState = InitialSessionState.CreateDefault();
defaultSessionState.Providers.Clear();
this.runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(defaultSessionState);
this.runspace.Open();
this.RunScript("get-childitem", "There are no providers so get-childitem will not work");
this.runspace.Close();
// Marks a command as private, and then defines a proxy command
// that uses the private command. One reason to define a proxy for
// a command is to remove a parameter of the original command.
// For a more complete sample of a proxy command, see the Runspace11
// sample.
defaultSessionState = InitialSessionState.CreateDefault();
commandIndex = GetIndexOfEntry(defaultSessionState.Commands, "get-childitem");
defaultSessionState.Commands[commandIndex].Visibility = SessionStateEntryVisibility.Private;
CommandMetadata getChildItemMetadata = new CommandMetadata(
typeof(Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.GetChildItemCommand));
getChildItemMetadata.Parameters.Remove("Recurse");
string getChildItemBody = ProxyCommand.Create(getChildItemMetadata);
defaultSessionState.Commands.Add(new SessionStateFunctionEntry("get-childitem2", getChildItemBody));
this.runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(defaultSessionState);
this.runspace.Open();
this.RunScript("get-childitem", "get-childitem is private so it will not be available");
scriptComment = "get-childitem2 is a proxy to get-childitem. \n" +
"It works even when get-childitem is private.";
this.RunScript("get-childitem2", scriptComment);
scriptComment = "This will fail. Unlike get-childitem, get-childitem2 does not have -Recurse";
this.RunScript("get-childitem2 -Recurse", scriptComment);
InitialSessionState cleanSessionState = InitialSessionState.Create();
this.runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(cleanSessionState);
this.runspace.Open();
scriptComment = "A script will not work because \n" +
"InitialSessionState.Create() will have the default LanguageMode of NoLanguage";
this.RunScript("10/2", scriptComment);
this.runspace.Close();
cleanSessionState = InitialSessionState.Create();
cleanSessionState.LanguageMode = PSLanguageMode.FullLanguage;
this.runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(cleanSessionState);
this.runspace.Open();
scriptComment = "get-childitem, standard cmdlets and providers are not present \n" +
"in an InitialSessionState returned from InitialSessionState.Create()";
this.RunScript("get-childitem", scriptComment);
this.runspace.Close();
cleanSessionState = InitialSessionState.Create();
cleanSessionState.Commands.Add(
new SessionStateCmdletEntry(
"Get-ChildItem",
typeof(Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.GetChildItemCommand),
null));
cleanSessionState.Providers.Add(
new SessionStateProviderEntry(
"FileSystem",
typeof(Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.FileSystemProvider),
null));
cleanSessionState.LanguageMode = PSLanguageMode.FullLanguage;
this.runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(cleanSessionState);
this.runspace.Open();
scriptComment = "get-childitem and the FileSystem provider were explicitly added\n" +
"so get-childitem will work";
this.RunScript("get-childitem", scriptComment);
this.runspace.Close();
Console.Write("Done...");
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
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