With all respect, this is a bug/change introduced by Windows Update and first included in the cumulative update for Windows 10 in September.
The problem has already been thoroughly debugged and debated in the VMWare community as indicated in the main question and it was brought here for further insight.
Somehow Microsoft have made a change to Windows/HyperV that breaks the resource sharing between Windows and the VMWare Workstation running in user mode (because Hyper-V is also present). This integration has been working for years and it would a nice move from the Microsoft/Windows community to help debugging into the cumulative update and find out which fix exactly provoked this issue as we do not have any way to break down the cumulative updates into pieces and uninstall fixes one by one.
And running the Window un-updated for several month by skipping cumulative updates is not an option either.
I understand that the change may be needed to fix a security vulnerability and then we need to work around it, but if it's a plain bug it could be fixed.
Please help giving us insight into why this change was made.
Thanks
Claus