If you're going to post code, use the "Code Sample" editor. It's the 5th icon from the left in the Format Bar, and the icon is a graphic "101 010". If you use the "normal" editor it does strange and (not so) wonderful things to the data. Characters and certain character sequences are altered, comments become "bolded" text and use a larger font size, etc. For example, your code should appear like this:
get-aduser -Identity USERID -prop * | select | fl *
The Format-List command doesn't usually truncate single-valued properties like strings. What I think you're referring to is that not all values in an enumeration are listed. The number of items from an enumeration are, by default, limited to the first four. You can change that limit by setting the value of the $FormatEnumerationLimit variable.
This, for example, will list only the 1st four elements of the array named "Array". The 300 characters of the string named "Data" will be displayed in its entirety:
[PSCustomObject]@{
X = "?"
Data = ("*" * 300)
Array = [array](1..100)
}| fl
To have Format-List show the first 8 elements of the array, add $FormatEnumerationLimit = 8 before the 1st line.
For a longer explanation, see this: how-to-use-formatenumerationlimit