Thank you for your answer. I've done some tests with the clientconfig tag. There is no duplicate in the xml.
On MacOS, the connexion log says :
INFO com.microsoft.AzureVpnMac.packetTunnelProvider TID=83340 PacketTunnelProviderConnection.swift: 597 (configureSplitTunnel(clientConfig:settings:profileName:)) Excluding IPv4 routes: address: 10.232.148.0, mask: 255.255.255.0
There is no excluderoute in the configuration. The same XML configuration file is used for MacOS and Windows.
Any clues?