Hi @sns,
- The steps you mentioned above are totally correct.
- I don't understand why you say "I have not found the role to choose Distributed cache role". As per my experience, Distributed Cache role can be selected in SharePoint 2016 configuration wizard.
- You can directly run SharePoint configuration wizard (needn't to run both prerequisiteinstaller.exe and setup.exe) because you just remove the server from your SharePoint farm, not uninstall SharePoint on your server.
- Just go to CA >> Manage servers in this farm and make sure the server has been re-added and is part of your farm.
- No. In this case, I don't think you need to take SharePoint databases prospective into consideration.
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