Hi, @fei du
Thank you for posting in Microsoft Q&A forum.
It is not uncommon for a Windows endpoint to have cumulative updates of previous versions of Windows installed, along with the latest cumulative update for the current version. These cumulative updates are intended to provide additional fixes and improvements to the existing Windows feature area.
In the case of the 22H2 Win endpoint you described, it is normal for it to have the May cumulative update for both 22H2 and 21H2 versions of Win installed, as well as other previous versions of Windows May cumulative updates. However, it is worth noting that the latest cumulative update for the current version of Windows should be prioritized if there are any conflicts.
While it is generally recommended to install the latest cumulative update for the current version of Windows, there may be cases where previous cumulative updates are required to address specific issues and ensure the endpoint is secure and compliant. Therefore, it is not unusual to see multiple cumulative updates installed.
If the answer is the right solution, please click "Accept Answer" and kindly upvote it. If you have extra questions about this answer, please click "Add comment".