@SadiqhAhmed-MSFT , finally we could face the root of the issue
-> it's the hardening combination of the CMK Key Vault with disable public access and the user assigned identity (also Access policies are not used -> RBAC is in use)
-> somehow there's a problem with access the key Vault within the permission set of the user assigned identity
- when it's defined with system assigned and the recovery services vault gets the permission set for the key vault with RBAC it works fine
The request can be closed.
Thank you very much for stay in touch and interested in the resolution of the issue.