I just ran into this problem as well. From what I can tell it is trying to uninstall an old component of the SDK that isn't on the machine anymore and isn't handling that case well. If you are comfortable with registry edits, here is how I got past it:
Referring to the last log you attached referencing "C:\ProgramData\Package Cache{GUID}", copy out the GUID (I just used general GUID here as it was a different one in my case and expect it will still apply here). Search for GUID in the registry and remove those references. In cases where it was a piece of data in a node, I removed the node. I expect you may only need to remove the one that relates to information about uninstallers but I removed them all. After that the install proceeded just fine.
Also, before doing this, I would recommend running any SDK uninstalls that show up either in the control panel uninstall or apps uninstall as that may clean up some stuff for you. Hopefully this helps!