Hello @Csaba Gura - I'm glad that you were able to resolve your issue and thank you for posting your solution so that others experiencing the same thing can easily reference this! Since the Microsoft Q&A community has a policy that "The question author cannot accept their own answer. They can only accept answers by others", I'll repost your solution in case you'd like to "Accept" the answer.
Issue:
You had a Python Functions App that ran on and deployed successfully to a Linux-based Consumption plan. Upon upgrading to a Premium plan (EP1 SKU) and configuring Github Actions for CI/CD deployment (which went without any issues), your Functions appeared missing in Portal, and you only saw the "Create functions in your preferred environment" screen.
Solution:
After troubleshooting with support team, we pinpointed out that the issue was a python package within the requirements.txt file. Asyncio was the issue, after removing it from the requirements.txt (support told me it is installed my deafult on the elastic premium plan) and deploying the code, the functions appeared in the portal. According to support different python packages are supported in the Consumption Plan and in the Elastic Premium Plan.