As @António Sérgio Azevedo explained, there are two options:
1 You manage to host your WPF application in a docker container
In that case, you need to attach to the routing system inside the docker container using the Azure SDK. Take a look at this example of a similar approach to connect a Blazor app to the IoT Edge routing.
2 You run a WPF somewhere on the same network and try to reach the IoT Edge to send data to the cloud
In this case, something on the edge needs to expose an endpoint so the incoming messages can be routed towards the cloud. In the past, I experimented with a nodejs module which exposed a SocketIO server.