@Alaa Elrayes, Thanks for posting in Q&A. Based on my researching, Firefox 91+ is supported for device-based Conditional Access, but "Allow Windows single sign-on for Microsoft, work, and school accounts" needs to be enabled. Chrome 111+ is supported for device-based Conditional Access, but "CloudApAuthEnabled" needs to be enabled.
If the above not met, then it will cause the browser can't get required information which may cause the failure. For the Firefox configuration, you can follow the link above I provided to enable the setting on Firefox. For Chrome, you can follow the document Rahul provided to enable "CloudApAuthEnabled".
Please try the above suggestion and if there's any update, feel free to let us know.
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