I think it is a Tableau error rather that ADF, as I found in this old thread :
You need to manually reauthenticate or refresh the connection between Tableau and your data source. This process involves generating a new OAuth token by logging into the data source through Tableau again.
In Tableau, go to the data source settings and look for an option to "Reauthenticate," "Edit Connection," or "Update Credentials." Follow the prompts to log in to the data source and grant access again.
If applicable :
If your ADF pipeline is configured to pass credentials or authentication tokens to Tableau or the data source, ensure that the updated credentials or new token is correctly configured in the ADF pipeline settings.