Hi,
Yes, Exchange on-premise requires connection with Office365 endpoints. Please refer the below documents,
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/enterprise/urls-and-ip-address-ranges?view=o365-worldwide#microsoft-365-common-and-office-online
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/enterprise/hybrid-modern-auth-overview?view=o365-worldwide#do-you-meet-modern-authentication-prerequisites
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/enterprise/configure-exchange-server-for-hybrid-modern-authentication?view=o365-worldwide#using-hybrid-modern-authentication-with-outlook-for-ios-and-android
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