@James Chan_110, Thanks for posting in Q&A. From your description, it seems you are enrolling the devices via Android Enterprise Personally owned with work profile. Please firstly confirm if the device is in the Android Enterprise support list in the following.
https://androidenterprisepartners.withgoogle.com/devices
Note: Non-Microsoft link, just for the reference.
Meanwhile, please ensure the user to enroll the device has Microsoft Intune Plan 1 license assigned.
At the same time, please check if we have any enrollment restriction set for Android in our environment:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/mem/intune/enrollment/enrollment-restrictions-set
And ensure the Microsoft Intune tenant is connected to the managed Google Play account.
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/mem/intune/enrollment/connect-intune-android-enterprise
In addition, I find Google has setting to set admin approval for device access. Please ensure it is not turned on.
https://support.google.com/a/answer/7508418?hl=en
Note: Non-Microsoft link, just for the reference.
Please check the above information and if there's any update, feel free to let us know.
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