@sinam.woo - Thanks for the question and using MS Q&A platform.
No, Spark pool on Azure Synapse Analytics does not run on AKS. Spark pool is a managed service provided by Azure Synapse Analytics that allows you to run Apache Spark jobs at scale. It is a fully managed service that abstracts away the underlying infrastructure and provides you with a serverless experience.
For more details, refer to Synapse runtime for Apache Spark lifecycle and supportability
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