The Microsoft Graph API does not provide a functionality to link an Azure AD Group to an on-premises AD Group directly.
The usual process of linking Azure AD groups to on-premises AD groups involves Azure AD Connect and it can't be achieved directly through the API. If the group was deleted on the Azure side, it should be recreated on the next sync from on-premises AD via Azure AD Connect.
Please refer to these docs on preventing accidental deletion and customizing synchronization for guidance on how syncing.
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/entra/identity/hybrid/connect/how-to-connect-sync-whatis