@Cady, Thanks for posting in Q&A. For China mainland, GMS is not available. Android Enterprise is not supported. The only support enrollment method is Android device administrator enrollment.
But it is ending support on December 31, 2024. The suggestion for these devices is using MAM management instead of MDM management.
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/mem/intune/enrollment/android-enroll-device-administrator
For your Teams access, is it blocked because your organization configure conditional access policy to allow compliant device to access Teams which will force device enroll into Intune? If so, you need to ask your admin to exclude your account to apply this policy.
Hope the above information can help.
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