Two things. First, you cannot really have a "1 day" policy in Exchange Online, as the MFA works on a 7-day workcycle. So even with "1 day delete" tag, you can expect messages to be removed with delay.
Second, the Deleted items folder is treated differently, due to some convoluted logic Microsoft came up with years ago. Long story short, you need to either create a new policy, or rename the default one. I have more detailed explanation here: https://www.michev.info/blog/post/5868/make-sure-deleted-items-are-automatically-removed-from-microsoft-365-mailboxes
Lastly, you should not use Purview retention policies for this scenario, they cannot target specific folders.