@Woody Chiu at RASI,Thanks for posting in Q&A.
From your description, I know you want to keep the latest version of Microsoft Teams and pin it to Windows taskbar.
Based on my research, I find we can deploy Microsoft Teams through Microsoft 365 apps in Intune portal which will automatically update Teams to latest version.
https://www.prajwaldesai.com/deploy-microsoft-teams-using-intune/
Also, I find a PowerShell script to pin the apps to taskbar.
https://github.com/gunnarhaslinger/Add-or-Remove-Application-To-Windows-10-Taskbar
Non-official, just for reference.
Hope it can help you.
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