Got Error in chat completion API: At most 1 image(s) may be provided in one request

Question

Description:

Got Error when send two images to LLM Llama-4-Maverick-17B-128E-Instruct-FP8, is it because this model's API does not support multiple images in a single request?

it's working fine if only one image.

Error:

raise HttpResponseError(response=response)

azure.core.exceptions.HttpResponseError: (Bad Request) {"object":"error","message":"At most 1 image(s) may be provided in one request.","type":"BadRequestError","param":null,"code":400}

Code: Bad Request

Message: {"object":"error","message":"At most 1 image(s) may be provided in one request.","type":"BadRequestError","param":null,"code":400}

Sample Code:

from langchain_azure_ai.chat_models import AzureAIChatCompletionsModel
from typing import List
import base64

def get_llama_maverick_instruct_llm() -> AzureAIChatCompletionsModel:
    return AzureAIChatCompletionsModel(
        streaming=False,
        disable_streaming=True,
        model_kwargs={},
        endpoint="https://Llama4-Maverick-xxxx.com",
        model_name="Llama4-Maverick-xxxx",
        credential="xxxx",
        callbacks=None,
    )

def encode_image_to_base64(image_path: str) -> str:
    with open(image_path, "rb") as image_file:
        return base64.b64encode(image_file.read()).decode("utf-8")

def summarize_images(image_paths: List[str]) -> str:
    model = get_llama_maverick_instruct_llm()
    image_contents = [{"type": "image_url", "image_url": {"url": f"data:image/jpeg;base64,{encode_image_to_base64(path)}"}} for path in image_paths]
    messages = [
        {
            "role": "user",
            "content": [
                {"type": "text", "text": "Summarize the content of these images:"},
                *image_contents
            ],
        }
    ]
    response = model.invoke(messages)
    return response.content
image_paths = ["simple-test-09.png", "test-05.png"]
summary = summarize_images(image_paths)
print("Summary:", summary)

Answer 1

Hello @Billy Zhou ,

It is probably limitation from model side.

So, possible workaround would be to make request with 1 image per request and append the summaries into list like below.

def summarize_images_one_by_one(image_paths: List[str]) -> str:
    model = get_llama_maverick_instruct_llm()
    summaries = []
    for path in image_paths:
        message = [
            {
                "role": "user",
                "content": [
                    {"type": "text", "text": "Summarize the content of this image:"},
                    {"type": "image_url", "image_url": {"url": f"data:image/jpeg;base64,{encode_image_to_base64(path)}"}},
                ],
            }
        ]
        response = model.invoke(message)
        summaries.append(response.content)
    return "\n".join(summaries)

Or combine the images into 1 and make single request,

from PIL import Image
import io
import base64

image_paths = [r" 2025-03-28 145848.png", r"2025-03-28 145737.png"]
images = [Image.open(x) for x in image_paths]
widths, heights = zip(*(i.size for i in images))

total_width = sum(widths)
max_height = max(heights)

new_im = Image.new('RGB', (total_width, max_height))

x_offset = 0
for im in images:
  new_im.paste(im, (x_offset,0))
  x_offset += im.size[0]

new_im.save('test.jpg')


def summarize_images(image_path: List[str]) -> str:
    model = get_llama_maverick_instruct_llm()
    image_contents = f"data:image/jpeg;base64,{encode_image_to_base64(image_path)}"
    messages = [
        {
            "role": "user",
            "content": [
                {"type": "text", "text": "Summarize the input image"},
                {"type": "image_url", "image_url": {"url": image_contents}}
            ],
        }
        
    ]
    response = model.invoke(messages
    )
    return response
summary = summarize_images("test.jpg")
print("Summary:", summary)

Sample output i got:

'The image shows two Microsoft Azure portal windows side by side, with the left window displaying a PowerShell terminal and the right window showing a diagnostic settings page for a storage account.\n\n**Left Window: PowerShell Terminal**\n\n* The terminal is open to a directory path `/home/jaya/storage`\n* A Terraform plan is being executed, with the output displayed in the terminal\n* The plan involves creating and modifying resources, including a storage account and diagnostic settings\n* The output indicates that 1 resource will be added, 1 changed, and 0 destroyed\n* The user is prompted to confirm the actions by typing \'yes\'\n* After confirming, the Terraform apply command is executed, and the resources are created/modified successfully\n\n**Right Window: Diagnostic Settings Page**\n\n* The page is titled "samyustorage | Diagnostic settings" and displays the diagnostic settings for a storage account named "samyustorage"\n* The storage account is part of a resource group named "samyutha-terraform"\n* The diagnostic settings are enabled for the storage account, as well as for a blob storage account within it\n* Other storage accounts (queue, table, file) have their diagnostic settings disabled\n\n**Overall**\n\n* The image suggests that the user is using Terraform to manage Azure resources, including storage accounts and diagnostic settings\n* The Terraform plan and apply commands are being used to create and modify these resources\n* The diagnostic settings page provides a visual representation of the diagnostic settings for the storage account and its sub-resources.'

but i would recommend going with single image in a request till model supports.
If you have any query, please let us know in comments or private message.

Thank you