Hi @Scott Townsend
Thank you for reaching out to the Microsoft Q&A Forum.
Honestly, I don't have the environment or the necessary tools and resources to conduct a real test and directly compare it with your issue. However, based on my research, there are a few additional areas worth checking that might be causing the problem.
1.Conditional Access Policies
If external signers are blocked by Conditional Access policies, such as MFA requirements, the eSignature request may fail silently or return a vague error message. Set up SharePoint eSignature - Microsoft Syntex | Microsoft Learn
Ensure that the SharePoint eSignature service is listed as an approved app in your CA policies.
For more details you can refer to https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/microsoft-365-docs/blob/public/microsoft-365/syntex/esignature-troubleshoot.md#unable-to-send-a-request-to-an-external-recipient
2.Microsoft Entra B2B Integration
You’ve confirmed that EnableAzureADB2BIntegration = $true, which is good. However, also verify that:
-The Microsoft Entra B2B Integration is fully enabled for both SharePoint and OneDrive Microsoft Entra B2B integration for SharePoint & OneDrive - SharePoint in Microsoft 365 | Microsoft Learn
-The external user has been properly invited and accepted the invitation.
-The user appears in Azure AD as a guest and is not blocked or pending.
-Could you please share the screenshot of these images:

I hope this helps! If you have any other questions, feel free to ask.
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