Thanks for your help in trying to get this working properly. No the network at work is not a domain network.
NOTE - It may just be because I have trouble connecting to a network, but it seems like every time I am able to connect to a network, a patch is downloaded and I end up having to reboot. I was initially impressed with how quickly the Surface booted up, but if I download a new patch every time I do manage to connect to a network, I have to go through the install/reboot dance, and that "quick" boot time, becomes a long miserable wait (last night alone it was nearly ten minutes before I was able to use the computer, but then it wouldn't connect to the network).
I went home yesterday connected to my home network and the Surface downloaded a patch and restarted. NOTE - It may just be because I have trouble connecting to a network, but it seems like every time I am able to connect to a network, a patch is downloaded and I end up having to reboot. After the restart I tried connecting to my home network (the same one I downloaded the update on a few minutes earlier), and it stayed in a state of "limited". Disconnected from my network and tried connecting to my "Guest" network, same issue. I shut the Surface down, put it back in the box, taped the receipt to the box, stuck it on the front seat of my car, and will be returning it as soon as I get off work.
I'm done. Trying to get this to work for nearly a month now is ridiculous. I have spent too much time and effort with it, and need to move on. Thanks to all who responded and tried to help me get this working. I may revisit Windows 8 at a later time, but right now I see no point in trying any further. I have a laptop that will work (it has for nearly two years, without issue). I would prefer having a tablet sized device for travel (with a full OS, and peripheral ports), but it isn't this one.
Once again thanks for the help.