Hello pk0403.
Welcome to Microsoft Community.
To try and find a solution to this problem, I looked in Amazon Help and customer Service for help information related to Kindle E-Reader. Eventually I found this:
Connect, Browse, and Transfer Files on E-Reader - Amazon Customer Service
Disclaimer: This is a non-Microsoft website. The page appears to be providing accurate and safe information. Watch out for ads on the site that may advertise products frequently classified as PUP (Potentially Unwanted Products). Thoroughly research any product advertised on the site before you decide to download and install it.
This seems to be the official help message for the Kindle device, when you connect a Kindle E-Reader to your computer with the help of a USB-C cable, the Kindle device is theoretically recognized directly as an external storage drive.
This means that no additional applications or drivers are required for this connection, so I think you might need to do some research on the USB-C cable you're using. Try connecting your Kindle Paperwhite 2024 to another computer through the same cable to test whether the same problem occurs, if you notice that the other computer also does not recognize the Kindle Paperwhite, then obviously the data cable may be damaged.
However, if other computers can recognize the Kindle Paperwhite, but your Surface Laptop 4 can't, then most likely the USB-C cable you are using is not compatible with the Surface.
Best Regards,
Mitchell | Microsoft Community Support Specialist