If this is the bitlocker recovery key see
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/4026181/windows-10-find-my-bitlocker-recovery-key
If you can't find the bitlocker key, see the following, especially Step 6
Go to https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/surfacerecoveryimage (with a different Windows computer if yours is not working properly) and download a recovery image for your Surface. You will need a 16GB USB stick
formatted FAT32 (use a Windows computer). Best to purchase and use a new,
previously unused USB stick for this. Use FULL format and not quick format and
give the volume a name like surfboot. Unzip/extract the recovery zip to the root
of the formatted USB stick and then-
To reset your Surface from a USB recovery drive:
Step 1: Make sure your Surface is turned off and plugged in (hold down the power
button for 30 seconds).
Step 2: Insert the USB recovery drive into the USB port on your Surface.
Step 3: Press and hold the volume-down button while you press and release the
power button on your Surface.
Step 4: When the Surface logo appears, release the volume button.
Step 5: When prompted, select the language and keyboard layout you want.
Step 6: Select Troubleshoot > Reset your PC.
If prompted for a recovery key, select Skip this drive at the bottom of the
screen.
Step 7: Select the target operating system you wish to reset. This
refers to the current operating system installed on your Surface.
Step 8: Select Yes, repartition the drives, and on the next page, select Next.
Step 9: Choose Just remove my files.
Step 10: Select Reset.
Surface restarts and the Surface logo displays while the reset process continues
(this can take a while).
If this is not a prompt for the bitlocker key and is a prompt for a UEFI
password, see
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/4023531/surface-how-to-use-surface-uefi
"UEFI passwords are used primarily by enterprises and IT professionals to limit
the types of changes that employees can make to their devices. If you are part
of an enterprise, contact your IT administrator if you have any questions or
issues with your UEFI password. If you are not part of an enterprise and you
choose to create a UEFI password, make sure to document your password in a safe
place. You cannot reset your UEFI password, and Microsoft cannot retrieve it."