Hello Tim McClelland 1,
Thanks for reaching Microsoft Community and posting your concern here.
In this case, this is actually normal but there are some things to consider or adjust. After setting up the device for the first time, several things are being completed in the background. During the first 24 hours, the device is automatically checking for and installing updates to the OS and to apps, syncing email and calendar content, as well as OneDrive files. This utilization will pass as these tasks complete. If you're going to check the Task Manager, processes listed with high utilization are contributing to the need for the fan to turn on. Being mindful of what needs to be running, closing apps that are not needed will help lower CPU utilization and reduce the need for assisted cooling by the fan.
You can adjust how you want your CPU to perform, by selecting the battery icon on the task bar and adjusting the power mode. Setting the power mode to Recommended throttles the CPU and helps keep it running cooler with less need of assisted cooling. While a setting of Better performance or Best performance will allow the device to run more quickly, it will also allow the fan to come on more often to keep the CPU cool and performing it's best.
While the operation of the fan is normal and expected behavior, at no point should it should like there is something broken. Noises like grinding, whining, or ticking are abnormal. If you hear these types of sounds, kindly contact Microsoft Surface Support to seek options for your device or possible replacement. If you're located outside United States, see Global Support.
Hope this helps.
StevenK