Hi Marrion,
Thanks for the thorough response. Unfortunately, none of the steps you provided resolved my problem.
However, I did manage to solve it on my own. SOLUTION: I reset my computer and bam, my graphics card was back up and running.
Now, my graphics card is available without having to view hidden devices. All of my apps are working like normal.
TL;DR: To anyone else who has this problem in the future and none of the solutions outlined above help, including resetting your computer, your graphics card may be dead so take it to a get looked at by professionals.