Hi Dustin,
For better understanding the issue let us know whether did you get any error message when you enter password?
As initial troubleshooting steps I suggest you to check for the windows latest updates, refer to the below link,
https://www.microsoft.com/surface/en-us/support/install-update-activate/surface-pro-4-update-history
I request you to try the below steps and check if its helps,
Let us try to Reset the Network configuration and check if it helps,
From the Desktop screen, click the network icon in the Windows Taskbar notification area.
Then right-click the wireless network and in the menu that appears, click Forget this network.
Click the network icon again, and try to connect to the wireless network. Assuming your wireless network is secured, you should see a prompt for your wireless network password (security key/code).
And also try to reset your router. Resetting your router involves changing it back to its factory settings.
When you reset your router the following settings are changed:
• Router username and password
• Wi-Fi username and password
• ISP username and password
• Any portforwards you have set up
• Any firewall settings you have made
• Basically, any configuration changes that you have made to your router.
Find the reset button located on the back of the router. Use a pin, paper clip, or thumbtack to press and hold the reset button for about 10 seconds or until the lights on the router change.
Reference:
Hope this information helps you to connect Wi-Fi on your device and access internet.
Thank you.