Hello K E Ohrn,
Welcome to Microsoft Community.
From your description, I understand that you have checked whether there is a new update push, but it seems to be the latest version, there is no update push, right?
Open the Surface App, then tap "Help & Support," then tap "Try toolKit".
This is a Surface specific diagnostic kit to help you troubleshoot this problem, if you have never installed it, you will be prompted to get it from the Microsoft Store.
The diagnosis may take some time, but after the diagnosis is complete, you should see a diagnostic report with some diagnostic recommendations.
In addition, I would recommend that you try manually downloading and installing the driver and firmware package for the Surface Pro 8:
Download Surface Pro 8 Drivers and Firmware from Official Microsoft Download Center ****
After installation, restart your Surface, and then check if the camera function can return to normal.
Best Regards,
Mitchell | Microsoft Community Support Specialist