Hi,
Usually it requires additional preparation or steps even in the supported upgrade paths from previous version to higher ones when the server has installed specific roles.
Server role upgrade and migration matrix for Windows Server 2016
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/get-started/server-role-upgradeability-table
Per searching, there is no exact answer for your question but someone shared his experience when upgrade from windows 2012 essential to 2016 standard.
Join newly created 2016 standard server as 2nd DC and transfer AD roles and data then decommission 2012 essential.
Details and more suggestions could be found in below link.
https://social.technet.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/d38b412f-bfbc-4dc7-8e47-307e091357d4/windows-server-2012-essentials-upgrade-to-windows-server-2016-standard?forum=winserveressentials
I am running onto some issues when I attempt to setup the DNS, Wins and AD Certificate authority.
Any error messages or could you describe the issue you encountered?
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Hope this helps and please help to accept as Answer if the response is useful.
Thanks,
Jenny