@Eduards , From your description, I know we get silently encryption failure when configure Bitlocker for fixed data drive on Windows 10 Device configuration policy. if there's any misunderstanding, feel free to let us know.
I know the devices are all Hybrid Azure AD joined. In fact, silently enable BitLocker on devices is only supported on Azure AD joined devices. As our devices are all Hybrid Azure AD joined, this may cause our issue.
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/mem/intune/protect/encrypt-devices#manage-bitlocker
Turn off bitlocker, Change "Allow standard users to enable encryption during Azure AD Join" to not configured, and then assign the policy again, Then the disks are encrypted correctly.
If the response is helpful, please click "Accept Answer" and upvote it.
Note: Please follow the steps in our documentation to enable e-mail notifications if you want to receive the related email notification for this thread.