Signed Xamarin.Mac app crashes at launch on macOS versions other than 10.13 and the machine on which it was built

Question

I have a signed and unsigned version of a Xamarin.Mac app currently under development. The unsigned version runs on all macOS version I try, but the unsigned version runs on the Mac (macOS 10.15) where it was built and macOS 10.13, but not 10.14, 10.15, or 11.

App built on macOS 10.15.5 using Visual Studio 2019 Professional version 8.9.9

Application was signed using the following command:
codesign --options=runtime --deep --entitlements ents.plist -s "<dentity>" -f "<path>"

Entls.plist:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN"
"http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
<key>com.apple.security.automation.apple-events</key>
<false/>
<key>com.apple.security.cs.allow-dyld-environment-variables</key>
<false/>
<key>com.apple.security.cs.allow-jit</key>
<false/>
<key>com.apple.security.cs.allow-unsigned-executable-memory</key>
<false/>
<key>com.apple.security.cs.debugger</key>
<false/>
<key>com.apple.security.cs.disable-executable-page-protection</key>
<false/>
<key>com.apple.security.cs.disable-library-validation</key>
<false/>
<key>com.apple.security.device.audio-input</key>
<false/>
<key>com.apple.security.device.camera</key>
<false/>
<key>com.apple.security.personal-information.addressbook</key>
<false/>
<key>com.apple.security.personal-information.calendars</key>
<false/>
<key>com.apple.security.personal-information.location</key>
<false/>
<key>com.apple.security.personal-information.photos-library</key>
<false/>
</dict>
</plist>