Hi,
Thank you posting your issue on our forum, let me help you with this.
It looks like the issue is specific to your iPhone 15 Pro mainly,
Here are few troubleshooting steps to follow:
At First, kindly ensure that your Excel app and OneDrive app are updated to the latest version.
After that, check your internet connection, as a weak or unstable network can cause file access errors.
If the file was shared via a link, try opening it in a different browser or copying the link and pasting it directly into the OneDrive app.
Also, verify that you have the correct permissions to access the file. If the issue persists, clear the Excel app cache by uninstalling and reinstalling the app.
I hope this helps,
Best Regards,
Tani | Microsoft Community Moderator.