Good day! Honestly, it sounds like your ThinkPad is just trying too hard to save battery. When the laptop thinks you aren't listening to anything, it cuts power to the sound card to save juice. The "pop" or "click" you’re hearing is the hardware literally snapping back to life when a notification or a video starts playing.
Since you've already done the basic updates, try this:
Right-click the speaker icon on your taskbar and go to Sound settings, then find More sound settings at the bottom. Double-click your Speakers, go to the Advanced tab, and uncheck the box that says "Enable audio enhancements." Hit Apply and see if that helps. Windows tries to "clean up" the audio with software, but on ThinkPads, it usually just causes lag and popping.
Another thing to check is if this happens while the laptop is plugged into the wall. If the popping disappears when you're charging, it's 100% just a power-saving setting. You can fix that by going into your Control Panel, finding Power Options, and changing your plan to "Best Performance" instead of "Balanced."
Also, don't worry about the hard drive comments you read. Your laptop uses an SSD, which is silent and has no moving parts—it physically can’t click. It’s almost certainly just a software glitch.
Does it still make the noise if you have headphones plugged in, or is it just coming from the laptop speakers?