@R, Ranjini (CW) Unfortunately you cannot assign two keys to the Azure cosmos DB trigger and retry with primary/secondary keys would not be possible if you have rotation the keys or the keys are invalid.
You can use Key Vault references for Azure Functions and the latest keys are fetch from the key vault but the app will automatically update and begin using the latest version within one day. Any configuration changes made to the your function will cause an immediate update to the latest versions of all referenced secrets.
If you don't want to use the keys then you can use managed identity based authentication.