You cannot deploy a Docker-based function on an Azure Functions Consumption plan. The Consumption plan does not support Docker containers; it only allows code-only deployments on Linux. If you want to use Docker, you would need to consider using the Elastic Premium plan, Dedicated (App Service) plan, or Azure Container Apps, which support Docker containers on Linux.
For the Consumption plan, the supported operating system for deployments is Linux, but it is limited to code-only deployments, not containers.
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