Open the Settings App, go to Windows Updates - Update History, what is the KB number of the latest update installed, is it, KB5074109?
If that is the latest update installed, this is an ongoing problem with Outlook after the January KB5074109 Update, that update is affecting Outlook POP accounts, this is being reported by many people after that update, some people have reported if you uninstall the Windows update, that will resolve the problem.
Microsoft have indicated they are working to resolve this problem caused by the update and will provide a solution as soon as possible.