Hey there, Abdul Farhat
I have found this happens when the authentication method is somehow broken. To resolve this, you generally need to re-register the authentication method.
To do this, if you have another admin for your tenant, please can they sign into their account here: https://portal.azure.com/#blade/Microsoft_AAD_IAM/ActiveDirectoryMenuBlade
They will need to click onto 'Users' which is found under 'Manage' on the left hand side menu for the blade.
They will need to select your account. This will load your account information on the screen. On the left-hand side, they will need to click onto 'Authentication methods'
Then they will need to click onto the option to 'Require re-register multifactor authentication'
When you next sign into your account, it will require you to re-register your authentication method.
Hope this helps,
Nathan