Hi,
To replace the Security Verification method in your Microsoft account, you will need to follow only the procedure I have linked above. Microsoft does not offer any other methods to replace the verification method.
The Account Recovery Form requires adequate information to prove that you are the owner of the account. The Account Recovery Process can be a time consuming process, but providing as much info as possible from the start of the process will increase the possibility of being verified by the automated process. You'll need to keep trying until you're verified by Microsoft.