Refreshing the desktop does not hurt the PC.
Refreshing (right-click > Refresh) simply tells Windows Explorer to redraw and update what is shown on the desktop, including icons and their overlays (like green/white checkmarks from sync tools such as OneDrive). It does not stress hardware, damage components, or meaningfully affect performance.
Losing the checkmarks after gaming is usually just a display/overlay refresh issue. Using Refresh only updates the view; it does not change or delete files.
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