Thanks for explaining the steps you already tried. Creating a new profile and removing the OST are good troubleshooting steps.
Even though your account is Outlook.com/MSN, I want to mention that Microsoft recently reported a known issue in Classic Outlook where synchronization problems can occur, especially when other accounts were previously added in the profile. The Outlook team is currently investigating this issue.
You can see the details here:
You can also try the "Manual Workaround" provided in this Microsoft article:
The article also includes a manual workaround that some users reported helps clear the synchronization state.
One quick question:
Does the status bar at the bottom of Outlook always show “Synchronizing folders”, or does it sometimes change to “All folders are up to date”?