Thanks for the clarification.
This confirms that it's something in Windows itself, and not something caused by third-party software.
I think it's a good idea to see if it's possible to use System Restore to revert Windows to a state where it was working correctly. Do this using WinRE.
Start your computer again in the WinRE.
- On the Choose an option screen, select "Troubleshoot > Advanced options > System Restore" and follow the on-screen instructions.
If you manage to restore Windows, see if the problem stops occurring. Don't update Windows immediately; test it a little.
When you confirm that the problem has really stopped occurring, see if updating Windows causes the problem to return.
Please let me know how it goes.
Feel free to ask any questions you may have.