Chirila, Cezar-constantin That specific error code 53003 confirms that your organization is enforcing VERY STRICT Microsoft Entra ID Conditional Access policies. While your username, password, and Microsoft Authenticator approval were all perfectly correct, the security policy evaluated your current environment and blocked the connection because your personal laptop is an unmanaged device. Your IT department has configured the system to only allow work account sign-ins from corporate-owned hardware or trusted corporate IP addresses.
You are unfortunately caught in a tight security loop where your corporate device blocks your personal account via Tenant Restrictions, and your personal device blocks your work account via Conditional Access. Since you cant securely authenticate both identities in the same browser session under these overlapping rules, there is no technical workaround you can perform on your own without violating your company's security posture.
The correct path forward is to submit a ticket to your internal IT support team explaining that you are trying to link your Microsoft Learn certification profile. Ask them if they can temporarily whitelist your personal device in their Conditional Access policies or temporarily lift the web filtering restrictions on your work machine to allow the consumer login endpoints. Since this is a recognized and officially supported Microsoft process for employee skills retention, most administration teams have a standard procedure for granting a brief exception to complete the linkage.
Hope this helps :)
VP