Thanks for the information and clarification!
While I suppose it may be the expected behavior.
As if you add a MX record to Exchange Online with higher priority or have removed other MX records , the emails sent to your domain would all be sent to Exchange Online.
And since your colleagues' mailboxes are actually hosted by one.com, they don't have mailboxes in Exchange Online, thus the senders cannot find their mailboxes and would receive the "Your message to firstname.lastname@nvvsp.se couldn't be delivered" NDR message.
A workaround I could think of is to change your domain in Exchange Online from Authoritative to Internal Relay, which would deal with the recipients that are not hosted by Exchange Online instead of rejecting the messages directly.
More information about Authoritative and Internal Relay domain are introduced in this link: Manage accepted domains in Exchange Online
The general steps would be:
- change the domain to Internal Relay
- create a connector to relay emails sent to your colleagues to one.com
Here is also an article introducing a similar scenario for your reference: Configure Email Coexistence between Office 365 & Google Apps
It uses the classic Exchange Admin Center but should also apply to your situation.
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