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Dear @Jaquez, Ricardo,
Thank you for providing the additional details and for following up with your support team.
Based on what you've described, this does sound more like a SharePoint identity or permissions issue than an Excel-specific problem. The fact that newly copied workbooks work correctly, while certain existing files continue to deny access, suggests there may be something tied to the user's account record or permissions on those existing SharePoint items.
As a troubleshooting step, it may be helpful to create a temporary test user account and grant that account access to one of the affected files. If the test account can access the file successfully, that would help confirm whether the issue is specific to the rehired user's identity rather than the workbook or SharePoint library itself.
That said, I would be cautious about immediately deleting and recreating the user's production account. Since Microsoft has documented cases where rehired users encounter legacy SharePoint user records or user ID mismatch issues, it may be worthwhile to first have the SharePoint or Microsoft 365 administrator investigate those possibilities and run the recommended diagnostic.
If the temporary test account works while the rehired account does not, that would provide valuable evidence that the problem is related to the user's SharePoint identity or permissions mapping. At that point, the administrator can make a more informed decision about whether further remediation of the existing account is needed.
I hope your support team can identify the root cause soon. Please feel free to share any updates from their investigation, as that may help narrow down the issue further.