Using Outlook for iOS for personal email and calendar management
To use one calendar across your iPhone and laptop, choose the calendar stored in your Microsoft 365 account as the primary calendar. Calendar synchronization occurs through the Microsoft 365 mailbox, rather than directly between the iPhone and laptop.
On the laptop, open Outlook and confirm that your Microsoft 365 email account and its calendar are present. On the iPhone, open the Outlook app, go to Settings > Accounts > Add Account > Email Account, and sign in with the same Microsoft 365 account. The mailbox calendar should then appear automatically under the Calendar tab. Make sure the account is configured as Microsoft 365/Exchange and not as an IMAP account, because IMAP synchronizes email only, not calendars.
For appointments currently stored in Apple or iCloud calendars, they will not automatically merge into the Microsoft 365 calendar. You would first need to export or obtain them as an .ics calendar file and then import the file through Outlook on the web by selecting Calendar > Add calendar > Upload from file, choosing your Microsoft 365 calendar as the destination.
After confirming that all required appointments appear in Outlook on both devices, you can hide or disable the Apple and iCloud calendars to prevent duplicates. If you also use Apple’s built-in Calendar app, add the Outlook account under iPhone Settings > Apps > Calendar > Calendar Accounts, enable Calendar, and select the Outlook calendar under Default Calendar so that new appointments are saved to Outlook.
Do not delete the iCloud calendars until you have verified that all important appointments were successfully transferred.