Using classic Outlook for Windows in business environments
It's likely that the account of your ex colleague has some form of forwarding configured, which will remain active until the mailbox has been removed (disabling it changes nothing in this regard). There are multiple forms of forwarding that your IT folks need to check for. Those include:
- mailbox-level controls configurable via the admin center or PowerShell (ForwardingSmtpAddress or ForwardingAddress properties)
- mailbox rules, aka Outlook rules
- transport rules
- (calendar) delegate settings
I have a detailed blog article that goes over them here: https://michev.info/blog/post/4466/report-on-microsoft-365-mailbox-forwarding-all-methods-via-powershell
You will also find a sample PowerShell script that can help your IT folks find the culprit, as part of the article.
And in case none of this helps, ask your IT folks to run a message trace against one such sample invite: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/exchange/monitoring/trace-an-email-message/message-trace-modern-eac