It sounds like you have two separate issues.
What exactly was the error when you boot? The sfc and chkdsk commands shouldn't have anything to do with charging issue, since those commands addressed system integrity corruption issue and disk logical/physical error.
As for charging, you can follow what the AI suggested, but I would also recommend shutting the computer down completely and leaving it plugged in for a few hours.
If it still does not charge at all while the computer is completely powered off, that would strongly suggest the issue is not related to Windows or software, since neither is running at that point.
In that case, it is more likely a hardware issue, such as the charger or cable, charging port, battery, or an internal electrical problem. The computer would likely need to be inspected or repaired.